Aspectos epidemiológicos dos pacientes com polineuropatia no Distrito Federal

Abstract

Introduction: Polyneuropathies consist of diffuse and symmetrical involvement of the peripheral nerves in different degrees and of variable etiology. The diagnosis is clinical and confirmed by electroneuromyography. Objective: Introduce the epidemiological and clinical aspects of PNP, recorded by electroneuromyography in the Federal District. Methods: It is an Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study with the sample which has been chosen from ENMG exams done between April/2007 and March/2019 in the only public hospital of Distrito Federal that could do the exam in the period. The selected patients were those who had the ENMG exam compatible with the PNP criteria, according to the Brazilian Medical Association and the Federal Council of Medicine. Then, the medical records were reviewed to identify the clinical and epidemiological data. Results: The sample consists of 877 selected patients, 63% male and 37% female. The patients' age ranged from 1 to 90 years, with an average of 49.4 years. Regarding the type of PNP, 58.1% of patients were defined as axonal, 24.7% as demyelinating, 16.4% as mixed and 0.8% it was not possible to define the type of injury. About the etiology, 17.4% had a diagnosis of diabetes, 16.3% Guillain Barre syndrome, 6.4% alcoholism, 3.7% leprosy, 2.1% neoplasia and / or chemotherapy and 54% the etiology was not defined by the medical record. Conclusion: This is the largest series, which allows to define the panorama of PNP in Federal District. Therefore, it will be possible to plan the clinical practices and shape specifics public health policies for the best diagnose and treatment.